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Carl B

Carl Borrebaeck

Professor

Carl B

Evaluation of the GARD assay in a blind cosmetics Europe study

Author

  • Henrik Johansson
  • Robin Gradin
  • Andy Forreryd
  • Maria Agemark
  • Kathrin Zeller
  • Angelica Johansson
  • Olivia Larne
  • Erwin Van Vliet
  • Carl Borrebaeck
  • Malin Lindstedt

Summary, in English

Chemical hypersensitivity is an immunological response towards foreign substances, commonly referred to as sensitizers, which gives rise primarily to the clinical symptoms known as allergic contact dermatitis. For the purpose of mitigating risks associated with consumer products, chemicals are screened for sensitizing effects. Historically, such predictive screenings have been performed using animal models. However, due to industrial and regulatory demand, animal models for the purpose of sensitization assessment are being replaced by non-animal testing methods, a global trend that is spreading across industries and market segments. To meet this demand, the Genomic Allergen Rapid Detection (GARD) assay was developed. GARD is a novel, cell-based assay that utilizes the innate recognition of xenobiotic substances by dendritic cells, as measured by a multivariate readout of genomic biomarkers. Following cellular stimulation, chemicals are classified as sensitizers or non-sensitizers based on induced transcriptional profiles. Recently, a number of non-animal methods were comparatively evaluated by Cosmetics Europe, using a coherent and blinded test panel of reference chemicals with human and local lymph node assay data, comprising a wide range of sensitizers and non-sensitizers. The outcome of the GARD assay is presented in this paper. It was demonstrated that GARD is a highly functional assay with a predictive performance of 83% in this Cosmetics Europe dataset. The average accumulated predictive accuracy of GARD across independent datasets was 86% for skin sensitization hazard.

Department/s

  • Department of Immunotechnology

Publishing year

2017

Language

English

Pages

515-523

Publication/Series

ALTEX Alternatives To Animal Experimentation

Volume

34

Issue

4

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Spektrum Akad Verlag

Topic

  • Pharmacology and Toxicology

Keywords

  • Alternative methods
  • GARD
  • In Vitro
  • Predictive accuracy
  • Sensitization

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1868-596X